Sri Caitanya-caritamrta: Adi-lila
by His Divine Grace A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada

Chapter 11

Adi11.26

TEXT 26

gauridasa pandita yanra premoddanda-bhakti

krsna-prema dite, nite, dhare mahasakti

SYNONYMS

gauridasa pandita—of the name Gauridasa Pandita; yanra—whose; prema-uddanda-bhakti—the most elevated in love of Godhead and devotional service; krsna-prema—love of Krsna; dite—to deliver; nite—and to receive; dhare—empowered; mahasakti—great potency.

TRANSLATION

Gauridasa Pandita, the emblem of the most elevated devotional service in love of Godhead, had the greatest potency to receive and deliver such love.

PURPORT

It is said that Gauridasa Pandita was always patronized by King Krsnadasa, the son of Harihoda. Gauridasa Pandita lived in the village of Saligrama, which is situated a few miles from the railway station Mudagacha, and later he came to reside in Ambika-kalana. It is stated in the Gaura-ganoddesa-dipika, verse 128, that formerly he was Subala, one of the cowherd boyfriends of Krsna and Balarama in Vrndavana. Gauridasa Pandita was the younger brother of Suryadasa Sarakhela, and with the permission of his elder brother he shifted his residence to the bank of the Ganges, living there in the town known as Ambika-kalana. Some of the names of the descendants of Gauridasa Pandita are as follows: (1) Sri Nrsimha-caitanya, (2) Krsnadasa, (3) Visnudasa, (4) Bada Balarama dasa, (5) Govinda, (6) Raghunatha, (7) Badu Gangadasa, (8) Auliya Gangarama, (9) Yadavacarya, (10) Hrdaya-caitanya, (11) Canda Haladara, (12) Mahesa Pandita, (13) Mukuta Raya, (14) Bhatuya Gangarama, (15) Auliya Caitanya, (16) Kaliya Krsnadasa, (17) Patuya Gopala, (18) Bada Jagannatha, (19) Nityananda, (20) Bhavi, (21) Jagadisa, (22) Raiya Krsnadasa and (22 12) Annapurna. The eldest son of Gauridasa Pandita was known as big Balarama, and the youngest was known as Raghunatha. The sons of Raghunatha were Mahesa Pandita and Govinda. Gauridasa Pandita’s daughter was known as Annapurna.

The village Ambika-kalana, which is situated just across the river Ganges from Santipura, is two miles east of the Kalana-korta railway station, on the eastern railway. In Ambika-kalana there is a temple constructed by the Zamindar of Burdwan. In front of the temple there is a big tamarind tree, and it is said that Gauridasa Pandita and Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu met underneath this tree. The place where the temple is situated is known as Ambika, and because it is in the area of Kalana, the village is known as Ambika-kalana. It is said that a copy of the Bhagavad-gita written by Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu still exists in this temple.

Adi11.27

TEXT 27

nityanande samarpila jati-kula-panti

sri-caitanya-nityanande kari pranapati

SYNONYMS

nityanande—to Lord Nityananda; samarpila—he offered; jati—caste distinction; kula—family; panti—fellowship; sri-caitanya—Lord Caitanya; nityanande—in Lord Nityananda; kari—making; prana-pati—the Lords of his life.

TRANSLATION

Making Lord Caitanya and Lord Nityananda the Lords of his life, Gauridasa Pandita sacrificed everything for the service of Lord Nityananda, even the fellowship of his own family.

Adi11.28

TEXT 28

nityananda prabhura priya--pandita purandara

premarnava-madhye phire yaichana mandara

SYNONYMS

nityananda—Lord Nityananda Prabhu; prabhura—of the Lord; priya—very dear; pandita purandara—of the name Pandita Purandara; prema-arnava-madhye—in the ocean of love of Godhead; phire—moved; yaichana—exactly like; mandara—the Mandara Hill.

TRANSLATION

The thirteenth important devotee of Sri Nityananda Prabhu was Pandita Purandara, who moved in the ocean of love of Godhead just like the Mandara Hill.

PURPORT

Pandita Purandara met Sri Nityananda Prabhu at Khadadaha. When Nityananda Prabhu visited this village, He danced very uncommonly, and His dancing captivated Purandara Pandita.The pandita was in the top of a tree, and upon seeing the dancing of Nityananda he jumped down on the ground and proclaimed himself to be Angada, one of the devotees in the camp of Hanuman during the pastimes of Lord Ramacandra.

Adi11.29

TEXT 29

paramesvara-dasa--nityanandaika-sarana

krsna-bhakti paya, tanre ye kare smarana

SYNONYMS

paramesvara-dasa—of the name Paramesvara dasa; nityananda-eka-sarana—completely surrendered to the lotus feet of Nityananda; krsna-bhakti paya—gets love of Krsna; tanre—him; ye—anyone; kare—does; smarana—remembering.

TRANSLATION

Paramesvara dasa, said to be the fifth gopala of krsna-lila, completely surrendered to the lotus feet of Nityananda. Anyone who remembers his name, Paramesvara dasa, will get love of Krsna very easily.

PURPORT

The Caitanya-bhagavata states that Paramesvara dasa, known sometimes as Paramesvari dasa, was the life and soul of Sri Nityananda Prabhu. The body of Paramesvara dasa was the place of Lord Nityananda’s pastimes. Paramesvara dasa, who lived for some time at Khadadaha village, was always filled with the ecstasy of a cowherd boy. Formerly he was Arjuna, a friend of Krsna and Balarama. He was the fifth among the twelve gopalas. He accompanied Srimati Jahnava-devi when she performed the festival at Kheturi. It is stated in the Bhakti-ratnakara that by the order of Srimati Jahnava-mata, he installed Radha-Gopinatha in the temple at Atapura in the district of Hugali. The Atapura station is on the narrow-gauge railway line between Howrah and Amata. Another temple in Atapura, established by the Mitra family, is known as the Radha-Govinda temple. In front of the temple, in a very attractive place among two bakula trees and a kadamba tree, is the tomb of Paramesvari Thakura, and above it is an altar with a tulasi bush. It is said that only one flower a year comes out of the kadamba tree. It is offered to the Deity.

Paramesvari Thakura belonged, it is said, to a vaidya family. A descendant of his brother’s is at present a worshiper in the temple. Some of their family members still reside in the district of Hugali, near the post office of Canditala. The descendants of Paramesvari Thakura took many disciples from brahmana families, but as these descendants gradually took to the profession of physicians, persons from brahmana families ceased becoming their disciples. The family titles of Paramesvari’s descendants are Adhikari and Gupta. Unfortunately, his family members do not worship the Deity directly; they have engaged paid brahmanas to worship the Deity. In the temple, Baladeva and Sri Sri Radha-Gopinatha are together on the throne. It is supposed that the Deity of Baladeva was installed later because according to transcendental mellow, Baladeva, Krsna and Radha cannot stay on the same throne. On the full moon day of Vaisakha (April-May), the disappearance festival of Paramesvari Thakura is observed in this temple.

Adi11.30

TEXT 30

jagadisa pandita haya jagat-pavana

krsna-premamrta varse, yena varsa ghana

SYNONYMS

jagadisa pandita—of the name Jagadisa Pandita; haya—becomes; jagat-pavana—the deliverer of the world; krsna-prema-amrta varse—he always pours torrents of devotional service; yena—like; varsa—rainfall; ghana—heavy.

TRANSLATION

Jagadisa Pandita, the fifteenth branch of Lord Nityananda’s followers, was the deliverer of the entire world. Devotional love of Krsna showered from him like torrents of rain.

PURPORT

Descriptions of Jagadisa Pandita are available from Caitanya-bhagavata, Adi-lila, Chapter Six, and Caitanya-caritamrta, Adi-lila, Chapter Fourteen. He belonged to the village of Yasada-grama, in the district of Nadia near the Cakadaha railway station. His father, the son of Bhatta Narayana, was named Kamalaksa. Both his father and mother were great devotees of Lord Visnu, and after their death, Jagadisa, with his wife Duhkhini and brother Mahesa, left his birthplace and came to Sri Mayapur to live in the company of Jagannatha Misra and other Vaisnavas. Lord Caitanya asked Jagadisa to go to Jagannatha Puri to preach the hari-nama-sankirtana movement. After returning from Jagannatha Puri, on the order of Lord Jagannatha he established Deities of Jagannatha in the village of Yasada-grama. It is said that when Jagadisa Pandita brought the Deity of Jagannatha to Yasada-grama, he tied the heavy Deity to a stick and thus brought Him to the village. The priests of the temple still show the stick used by Jagadisa Pandita to carry the Jagannatha Deity.

Adi11.31

TEXT 31

nityananda-priyabhrtya pandita dhananjaya

atyanta virakta, sada krsna-premamaya

SYNONYMS

nityananda-priya-bhrtya—another dear servant of Nityananda Prabhu; pandita dhananjaya—of the name Pandita Dhananjaya; atyanta—very much; virakta—renounced; sada—always; krsna-prema-maya—merged in love of Krsna.

TRANSLATION

The sixteenth dear servant of Nityananda Prabhu was Dhananjaya Pandita. He was very much renounced and always merged in love of Krsna.

PURPORT

Pandita Dhananjaya was a resident of the village in Katwa named Sitala. He was one of the twelve gopalas. His former name, according to Gaura-ganoddesa-dipika, verse 127, was Vasudama. Sitala-grama is situated near the Mangalakota police station and Kaicara post office in the district of Burdwan. On the narrow railway from Burdwan to Katwa is a railway station about nine miles from Kutwa known as Kaicara. One has to go about a mile northeast of this station to reach Sitala. The temple was a thatched house with walls made of dirt. Some time ago, the Zamindars of Bajaravana Kabasi, the Mulliks, constructed a big house for the purpose of a temple, but for the last sixty-five years the temple has been broken down and abandoned. The foundation of the old temple is still visible. There is a tulasi pillar near the temple, and every year during the month of January the disappearance day of Dhananjaya is observed. It is said that for some time Pandita Dhananjaya was in a sankirtana party under the direction of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, and then he went to Vrndavana. Before going to Vrndavana, he lived for some time in a village named Sancadapancada, which is six miles south of the Memari railway station. Sometimes this village is also known as “the place of Dhananjaya” (Dhananjayera Pata). After some time, he left the responsibility for worship with a disciple and went back to Vrndavana. After returning from Vrndavana to Sitala-grama, he established a Deity of Gaurasundara in the temple. The descendants of Pandita Dhananjaya still live in Sitala-grama and look after the temple worship.

Adi11.32

TEXT 32

mahesa pandita--vrajera udara gopala

dhakka-vadye nrtya kare preme matoyala

SYNONYMS

mahesa pandita—of the name Mahesa Pandita; vrajera—of Vrndavana; udara—very liberal; gopala—cowherd boy; dhakka-vadye—with the beating of a kettledrum; nrtya kare—used to dance; preme—in love; matoyala—as if a madman.

TRANSLATION

Mahesa Pandita, the seventh of the twelve gopalas, was very liberal. In great love of Krsna he danced to the beating of a kettledrum like a madman.

PURPORT

The village of Mahesa Pandita, which is known as Palapada, is situated in the district of Nadia within a forest about one mile south of the Cakadaha railway station. The Ganges flows nearby. It is said that formerly Mahesa Pandita lived on the eastern side of Jirat in the village known as Masipura or Yasipura, and when Masipura merged into the riverbed of the Ganges, the Deities there were brought to Palapada, wh ich is situated in the midst of various villages such as Beledanga, Berigrama, Sukhasagara, Candude and Manasapota. (There are about fourteen villages, and the entire neighborhood is known as Pancanagara Paragana.) It is mentioned that Mahesa Pandita joined the festival performed by Sri Nityananda Prabhu at Panihati. Narottama dasa Thakura also joined in the festival, and Mahesa Pandita saw him on that occasion. In the temple of Mahesa Pandita there are Deities of Gaura-Nityananda, Sri Gopinatha, Sri Madana-mohana and Radha-Govinda, as well as a salagrama-sila.

Adi11.33

TEXT 33

navadvipe purusottama pandita mahasaya

nityananda-name yanra mahonmada haya

SYNONYMS

navadvipe purusottama—Purusottama of Navadvipa; pandita mahasaya—a very learned scholar; nityananda-name—in the name of Lord Nityananda Prabhu; yanra—whose; maha-unmada—great ecstasy; haya—becomes.

TRANSLATION

Purusottama Pandita, a resident of Navadvipa, was the eighth gopala. He would become almost mad as soon as he heard the holy name of Nityananda Prabhu.

PURPORT

It is stated in the Caitanya-bhagavata that Purusottama Pandita was born in Navadvipa and was a great devotee of Lord Nityananda Prabhu. As one of the twelve gopalas, his former name was Stokakrsna.

Adi11.34

TEXT 34

balarama dasa--krsna-prema-rasasvadi

nityananda-name haya parama unmadi

SYNONYMS

balarama-dasa—of the name Balarama dasa; krsna-prema-rasa—the nectar of always merging in love of Krsna; asvadi—fully tasting; nityananda-name—in the name of Sri Nityananda Prabhu; haya—becomes; parama—greatly; unmadi—maddened.

TRANSLATION

Balarama dasa always fully tasted the nectar of love of Krsna. Upon hearing the name of Nityananda Prabhu, he would become greatly maddened.

Adi11.35

TEXT 35

maha-bhagavata yadunatha kavicandra

yanhara hrdaye nrtya kare nityananda

SYNONYMS

maha-bhagavata—a great devotee; yadunatha kavicandra—of the name Yadunatha Kavicandra; yanhara—whose; hrdaye—in the heart; nrtya—dancing; kare—does; nityananda—Lord Nityananda Prabhu.

TRANSLATION

Yadunatha Kavicandra was a great devotee. Lord Nityananda Prabhu always danced in his heart.

PURPORT

In the Caitanya-bhagavata, Madhya-lila, Chapter One, it is said that a gentleman known as Ratnagarbha Acarya was a friend of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu’s father. They were residents of the same village. He had three sons-Krsnananda, Jiva and Yadunatha Kavicandra.

Adi11.36

TEXT 36

radhe yanra janma krsnadasa dvijavara

sri-nityanandera tenho parama kinkara

SYNONYMS

radhe—in West Bengal; yanra—whose; janma—birth; krsnadasa—of the name Krsnadasa; dvija-vara—the best brahmana; sri-nityanandera—of Nityananda Prabhu; tenho—he; parama—first-class; kinkara—servant.

TRANSLATION

The twenty-first devotee of Sri Nityananda in Bengal was Krsnadasa Brahmana, who was a first-class servant of the Lord.

PURPORT

Radha-desa refers to the part of Bengal where the Ganges does not flow.

Adi11.37

TEXT 37

kala-krsnadasa bada vaisnava-pradhana

nityananda-candra vinu nahi jane ana

SYNONYMS

kala-krsnadasa—of the name Kala Krsnadasa; bada—great; vaisnava-pradhana—first-class Vaisnava; nityananda-candra—Lord Nityananda; vinu—except; nahi jane—he did not know; ana—of anything else.

TRANSLATION

The twenty-second devotee of Lord Nityananda Prabhu was Kala Krsnadasa, who was the ninth cowherd boy. He was a first-class Vaisnava and did not know anything beyond Nityananda Prabhu.

PURPORT

In the Gaura-ganoddesa-dipika, verse 132), it is said that Kala Krsnadasa, who was also known as Kaliya Krsnadasa, was formerly a gopa (cowherd boy) of the name Lavanga. He was one of the twelve cowherd boys. Kaliya Krsnadasa had his headquarters in a village named Akaihata, which is situated in the district of Burdwan within the jurisdiction of the post office and police station of Katwa. It is situated on the road to Navadvipa. To reach Akaihata, one has to go from the Vyandela junction station to the Katwa railway station and then go about two miles, or one has to get off at the Danihata station and from there go one mile. The village of Akaihata is very small. In the month of Caitra, on the day of Varuni, there is a festival commemorating the disappearance day of Kala Krsnadasa.

Adi11.38

TEXT 38

sri-sadasiva kaviraja--bada mahasaya

sri-purusottama-dasa--tanhara tanaya

SYNONYMS

sri-sadasiva kaviraja—of the name Sri Sadasiva Kaviraja; bada—great; mahasaya—respectable gentleman; sri-purusottama-dasa—of the name Sri Purusottama dasa; tanhara tanaya—his son.

TRANSLATION

The twenty-third and twenty-fourth prominent devotees of Nityananda Prabhu were Sadasiva Kaviraja and his son Purusottama dasa, who was the tenth gopala.

Adi11.39

TEXT 39

ajanma nimagna nityanandera carane

nirantara balya-lila kare krsna-sane

SYNONYMS

ajanma—from birth; nimagna—merged; nityanandera—of Lord Nityananda Prabhu; carane—in the lotus feet; nirantara—always; balya-lila—childish play; kare—does; krsna-sane—with Krsna.

TRANSLATION

From birth, Purusottama dasa was merged in the service of the lotus feet of Lord Nityananda Prabhu, and he always engaged in childish play with Lord Krsna.

PURPORT

Sadasiva Kaviraja and Nagara Purusottama, who were father and son, are described in the Caitanya-bhagavata as maha-bhagyavan, greatly fortunate. They belonged to the vaidya caste of physicians. The Gaura-ganoddesa-dipika, verse 156, says that Candravali, a most beloved gopi of Krsna’s, later took birth as Sadasiva Kaviraja. In verses 194 and 200 it is said that Kamsari Sena, the father of Sadasiva Kaviraja, was formerly the gopi named Ratnavali in Krsna’s pastimes. All the family members of Sadasiva Kaviraja were great devotees of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu. Purusottama dasa Thakura sometimes lived at Sukhasagara, near the Cakadaha and Simurali railway stations. All the Deities installed by Purusottama Thakura were formerly situated in Beledanga-grama, but when the temple was destroyed the Deities were brought to Sukhasagara. When that temple merged into the bed of the Ganges, the Deities were brought with Jahnava-mata’s Deity to Sahebadanga Bedigrama. Since that place also has been destroyed, all the Deities are now situated in the village named Candude-grama, which is situated one mile up from Palapada, as referred to above.

Adi11.40

TEXT 40

tanra putra--mahasaya sri-kanu thakura

yanra dehe rahe krsna-premamrta-pura

SYNONYMS

tanra putra—his son; mahasaya—a respectable gentleman; sri-kanu thakura—of the name Sri Kanu Thakura; yanra—whose; dehe—in the body; rahe—remained; krsna-prema-amrta-pura—the nectar of devotional service to Krsna.

TRANSLATION

Sri Kanu Thakura, a very respectable gentleman, was the son of Purusottama dasa Thakura. He was such a great devotee that Lord Krsna always lived in his body.

PURPORT

To go to the headquarters of Kanu Thakura, one has to proceed by boat from the Jhikaragacha-ghata station to the river known as Kapotaksa. Otherwise, if one goes about two or two and a half miles from the Jhikaragacha-ghata station, he can see Bodhakhana, the headquarters of Kanu Thakura. The son of Sadasiva was Purusottama Thakura, and his son was Kanu Thakura. The descendants of Kanu Thakura know him as Nagara Purusottama. He was the cowherd boy named Dama during krsna-lila. It is said that just after the birth of Kanu Thakura, his mother, Jahnava, died. When he was about twelve days old, Sri Nityananda Prabhu took him to His home at Khadadaha. It is ascertained that Kanu Thakura was born some time in the Bengali year 942 (A.D. 1535). It is said that he took birth on the Ratha-yatra day. Because he was a great devotee of Lord Krsna from the very beginning of his life, Sri Nityananda Prabhu gave him the name Sisu Krsnadasa. When he was five years old he went to Vrndavana with Jahnava-mata, and upon seeing the ecstatic symptoms of Kanu Thakura, the Gosvamis gave him the name Kanai Thakura.

In the family of Kanu Thakura there is a Radha-Krsna Deity known as Pranavallabha. It is said that his family worshiped this Deity long before the appearance of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu. When there was a Maharashtrian invasion of Bengal, the family of Kanu Thakura was scattered, and after the invasion one Harikrsna Gosvami of that family came back to their original home, Bodhakhana, and re-established the Pranavallabha Deity. The descendants of the family still engage in the service of Pranavallabha. Kanu Thakura was present during the Khetari utsava, when Jahnava-devi and Virabhadra Gosvami were also present. One of Kanu Thakura’s family members, Madhavacarya, married the daughter of Sri Nityananda Prabhu, who was named Gangadevi. Both Purusottama Thakura and Kanu Thakura had many disciples from brahmana families. Most of the disciplic descendants of Kanu Thakura now reside in the village named Gadabeta, by the river Silavati, in the Midnapore district.

Adi11.41

TEXT 41

maha-bhagavata-srestha datta uddharana

sarva-bhave seve nityanandera carana

SYNONYMS

maha-bhagavata—great devotee; srestha—chief; datta—the surname Datta; uddharana—of the name Uddharana; sarva-bhave—in all respects; seve—worships; nityanandera—of Lord Nityananda; carana—lotus feet.

TRANSLATION

Uddharana Datta Thakura, the eleventh among the twelve cowherd boys, was an exalted devotee of Lord Nityananda Prabhu. He worshiped the lotus feet of Lord Nityananda in all respects.

PURPORT

The Gaura-ganoddesa-dipika, verse 129, states that Uddharana Datta Thakura was formerly the cowherd boy of Vrndavana named Subahu. Uddharana Datta Thakura, previously known as Sri Uddharana Datta, was a resident of Saptagrama, which is situated on the bank of the Sarasvati River near the Trisabigha railway station in the district of Hugali. At the time of Uddharana Thakura, Saptagrama was a very big town, encompassing many other places such as Vasudeva-pura, Bansabediya, Krsnapura, Nityananda-pura, Sivapura, Sankhanagara and Saptagrama.

Calcutta was developed under British rule by the influential mercantile community, and especially by the suvarna-vanik community who came down from Saptagrama to establish their businesses and homes all over Calcutta. They were known as the Saptagrami mercantile community of Calcutta, and most of them belonged to the Mullik and Sil families. More than half of Calcutta belonged to this community, as did Srila Uddharana Thakura. Our paternal family also came from this district and belonged to the same community. The Mulliks of Calcutta are divided into two families, namely, the Sil family and De family. All the Mulliks of the De family originally belong to the same family and gotra. We also formerly belonged to the branch of the De family whose members, intimately connected with the Muslim rulers, received the title Mullik.

In the Caitanya-bhagavata, Antya-khanda, Chapter Five, it is said that Uddharana Datta was an extremely elevated and liberal Vaisnava. He was born with the right to worship Nityananda Prabhu. It is also stated that Nityananda Prabhu, after staying for some time in Khadadaha, came to Saptagrama and stayed in the house of Uddharana Datta. The suvarna-vanik community to which Uddharana Datta belonged was actually a Vaisnava community. Its members were bankers and gold merchants (suvarna means “gold,” and vanik means “merchant”). Long ago there was a misunderstanding between Balla Sena and the suvarna-vanik community because of the great banker Gauri Sena. Balla Sena was taking loans from Gauri Sena and spending money extravagantly, and therefore Gauri Sena stopped supplying money. Balla Sena took revenge by instigating a social conspiracy to make the suvarna-vaniks outcastes, and since then they have been ostracized from the higher castes, namely, the brahmanas, ksatriyas and vaisyas. But by the grace of Srila Nityananda Prabhu, the suvarna-vanik community was again elevated. It is said in the Caitanya-bhagavata, yateka vanik-kula uddharana haite pavitra ha-ila dvidha nahika ihate: there is no doubt that all the community members of the suvarna-vanik society were again purified by Sri Nityananda Prabhu.

In Saptagrama there is still a temple with a six-armed Deity of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu that was personally worshiped by Srila Uddharana Datta Thakura. On the right side of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu is a Deity of Sri Nityananda Prabhu, and on the left side is Gadadhara Prabhu. There are also a Radha-Govinda murti and a salagrama-sila, and below the throne is a picture of Sri Uddharana Datta Thakura. In front of the temple there is now a big hall, and in front of the hall is a Madhavi-lata plant. The temple is in a very shady, cool and nicely situated location. When we returned from America in 1967, the executive committee members of this temple invited us to visit it, and thus we had the opportunity to visit this temple with some American students. Formerly, in our childhood, we visited this temple with our parents because all the members of the suvarna-vanik community enthusiastically take interest in this temple of Uddharana Datta Thakura. In the Bengali year 1283 (A.D. 1876) one babaji of the name Nitai dasa arranged for a donation of twelve bighas of land for this temple. The management of the temple later deteriorated, but then in 1306 (A.D. 1899), through the cooperation of the famous Balarama Mullik of Hugali, who was a subjudge, and many rich suvarna-vanik community members, the management of the temple improved greatly. Not more than fifty years ago, one of the family members of Uddharana Datta Thakura named Jagamohana Datta established a wooden murti(statue) of Uddharana Datta Thakura in the temple, but that murti is no longer there; at present, a picture of Uddharana Datta Thakura is worshiped. It is understood, however, that the wooden murti of Uddharana Thakura was taken away by Sri Madana-mohana Datta and is now being worshiped with a salagrama-sila by Srinatha Datta.

Uddharana Datta Thakura was the manager of the estate of a big Zamindar in Naihati, about one and a half miles north of Katwa. The relics of this royal family are still visible near the Dainhata station. Since Uddharana Datta Thakura was the manager of the estate, it was also known as Uddharana-pura. Uddharana Datta Thakura installed Nitai-Gaura Deities that were later brought to the house of the Zamindar, which was known as Vanaoyaribada. Srila Uddharana Datta Thakura remained a householder throughout his life. His father’s name was Srikara Datta, his mother’s name was Bhadravati, and his son’s name was Srinivasa Datta.

Next verse (Adi11.42)