Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 5: “The Creative Impetus”
by His Divine Grace A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada
Chapter Sixteen
A Description of Jambudvipa
SB5.16Summary
While describing the character of Maharaja Priyavrata and his descendants, Sukadeva Gosvami also described Meru Mountain and the planetary system known as Bhu-mandala. Bhu-mandala is like a lotus flower, and its seven islands are compared to the whorl of the lotus. The place known as Jambudvipa is in the middle of that whorl. In Jambudvipa there is a mountain known as Sumeru, which is made of solid gold. The height of this mountain is 84,000 yojanas, of which 16,000 yojanas are below the earth. Its width is estimated to be 32,000 yojanas at its summit and 16,000 yojanas at its foot. (One yojana equals approximately eight miles.) This king of mountains, Sumeru, is the support of the planet earth.
On the southern side of the land known as Ilavrta-varsa are the mountains known as Himavan, Hemakuta and Nisadha, and on the northern side are the mountains Nila, Sveta and Srnga. Similarly, on the eastern and western side there are Malyavan and Gandhamadana, two large mountains. Surrounding Sumeru Mountain are four mountains known as Mandara, Merumandara, Suparsva and Kumuda, each 10,000 yojanas long and 10,000 yojanas high. On these four mountains there are trees a banyan tree. There are also lakes full of milk, honey, sugarcane juice and pure water. These lakes can fulfill all desires. There are also gardens named Nandana, Citraratha, Vaibhrajaka and Sarvatobhadra. On the side of Suparsva Mountain is a kadamba tree with streams of honey flowing from its hollows, and on Kumuda Mountain there is a banyan tree named Satavalsa, from whose roots flow rivers containing milk, yogurt and many other desirable things. Surrounding Sumeru Mountain like filaments of the whorl of a lotus are twenty mountain ranges such as Kuranga, Kurara, Kusumbha, Vaikanka and Trikuta. To the east of Sumeru are the mountains Jathara and Devakuta, to the west are Pavana and Pariyatra, to the south are Kailasa and Karavira, and to the north are Trisrnga and Makara. These eight mountains are about 18,000 yojanas long, 2,000 yojanas wide and 2,000 yojanas high. On the summit of Mount Sumeru is Brahmapuri, the residence of Lord Brahma. Each of its four sides is 10,000 yojanas long. Surrounding Brahmapuri are the cities of King Indra and seven other demigods. These cities are one fourth the size of Brahmapuri. SB5.16.1 TEXT 1 rajovaca uktas tvaya bhu-mandalayama-viseso yavad adityas tapati yatra casau jyotisam ganais candrama va saha drsyate. SYNONYMS raja uvaca—Maharaja Pariksit said; uktah—already been said; tvaya—by you; bhu-mandala—of the planetary system known as Bhu-mandala; ayama-visesah—the specific length of the radius; yavat—as far as; adityah—the sun; tapati—heats; yatra—wherever; ca—also; asau—that; jyotisam—of the luminaries; ganaih—with hordes; candrama—the moon; va—either; saha—with; drsyate—is seen. TRANSLATION King Pariksit said to Sukadeva Gosvami: O brahmana, you have already informed me that the radius of Bhu-mandala extends as far as the sun spreads its light and heat and as far as the moon and all the stars can be seen. PURPORT In this verse it is stated that the planetary system known as Bhu-mandala extends to the limits of the sunshine. According to modern science, the sunshine reaches earth from a distance of 93,000,000 miles. If we calculate according to this modern information, 93,000,000 miles can be considered the radius of Bhu-mandala. In the Gayatri mantra, we chant om bhur bhuvah svah. The word bhur refers to Bhu-mandala. Tat savitur varenyam: the sunshine spreads throughout Bhu-mandala. Therefore the sun is worshipable. The stars, which are known as naksatra, are not different suns, as modern astronomers suppose. From Bhagavad-gita (10.21) we understand that the stars are similar to the moon (naksatranam aham sasi). Like the moon, the stars reflect the sunshine. Apart from our modern distinguished estimations of where the planetary systems are located, we can understand that the sky and its various planets were studied long, long before Srimad-Bhagavatam was compiled. Sukadeva Gosvami explained the location of the planets, and this indicates that the information was known long, long before Sukadeva Gosvami related it to Maharaja Pariksit. The location of the various planetary systems was not unknown to the sages who flourished in the Vedic age. SB5.16.2 TEXT 2 tatrapi priyavrata-ratha-carana-parikhataih saptabhih sapta sindhava upaklpta yata etasyah sapta-dvipa-visesa-vikalpas tvaya bhagavan khalu sucita etad evakhilam aham manato laksanatas ca sarvam vi-jijnasami. SYNONYMS tatra api—in that Bhu-mandala; priyavrata-ratha-carana-parikhataih—by the ditches made by the wheels of the chariot used by Priyavrata Maharaja while circumambulating Sumeru behind the sun; saptabhih—by the seven; sapta—seven; sindhavah—oceans; upaklptah—created; yatah—because of which; etasyah—of this Bhu-mandala; sapta-dvipa—of the seven islands; visesa-vikalpah—the mode of the construction; tvaya—by you; bhagavan—O great saint; khalu—indeed; sucitah—described; etat—this; eva—certainly; akhilam—whole subject; aham—I; manatah—from the point of view of measurement; laksanatah—and from symptoms; ca—also; sarvam—everything; vijijnasami—wish to know. TRANSLATION My dear Lord, the rolling wheels of Maharaja Priyavrata’s chariot created seven ditches, in which the seven oceans came into existence. Because of these seven oceans, Bhu-mandala is divided into seven islands. You have given a very general description of their measurement, names and characteristics. Now I wish to know of them in detail. Kindly fulfill my desire. SB5.16.3 TEXT 3 bhagavato gunamaye sthula-rupa avesitam mano hy agune ’pi suksmatama atma-jyotisi pare brahmani bhagavati vasudevakhye ksamam avesitum tad u haitad guro ’rhasy anuvarnayitum iti. SYNONYMS bhagavatah—of the Supreme Personality of Godhead; guna-maye—into the external features, consisting of the three modes of material nature; sthula-rupe—the gross form; avesitam—entered; manah—the mind; hi—indeed; agune—transcendental; api—although; suksmatame—in His smaller form as Paramatma within the heart; atma-jyotisi—who is full of Brahman effulgence; pare—the supreme; brahmani—spiritual entity; bhagavati—the Supreme Personality of Godhead; vasudeva-akhye—known as Bhagavan Vasudeva; ksamam—suitable; avesitum—to absorb; tat—that; u ha—indeed; etat—this; guro—O my dear spiritual master; arhasi anuvarnayitum—please describe factually; iti—thus. TRANSLATION When the mind is fixed upon the Supreme Personality of Godhead in His external feature made of the material modes of nature—the gross universal form—it is brought to the platform of pure goodness. In that transcendental position, one can understand the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Vasudeva, who in His subtler form is self-effulgent and beyond the modes of nature. O my lord, please describe vividly how that form, which covers the entire universe, is perceived. PURPORT Maharaja Pariksit had already been advised by his spiritual master, Sukadeva Gosvami, to think of the universal form of the Lord, and therefore, following the advice of his spiritual master, he continuously thought of that form. The universal form is certainly material, but because everything is an expansion of the energy of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, ultimately nothing is material. Therefore Pariksit Maharaja’s mind was saturated with spiritual consciousness. Srila Rupa Gosvami has stated: prapancikataya buddhya Everything, even that which is material, is connected with the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Therefore everything should be engaged in the service of the Lord. Srila Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Thakura translates this verse as follows: hari-sevaya yaha haya anukula “One should not give up anything connected with the Supreme Personality of Godhead, thinking it material or enjoyable for the material senses.” Even the senses, when purified, are spiritual. When Maharaja Pariksit was thinking of the universal form of the Lord, his mind was certainly situated on the transcendental platform. Therefore although he might not have had any reason to be concerned with detailed information of the universe, he was thinking of it in relationship with the Supreme Lord, and therefore such geographical knowledge was not material but transcendental. Elsewhere in Srimad-Bhagavatam (1.5.20) Narada Muni has said, idam hi visvam bhagavan ivetarah: the entire universe is also the Supreme Personality of Godhead, although it appears different from Him. Therefore although Pariksit Maharaja had no need for geographical knowledge of this universe, that knowledge was also spiritual and transcendental because he was thinking of the entire universe as an expansion of the energy of the Lord. In our preaching work also, we deal with so much property and money and so many books bought and sold, but because these dealings all pertain to the Krsna consciousness movement, they should never be considered material. That one is absorbed in thoughts of such management does not mean that he is outside of Krsna consciousness. If one rigidly observes the regulative principle of chanting sixteen rounds of the maha-mantra every day, his dealings with the material world for the sake of spreading the Krsna consciousness movement are not different from the spiritual cultivation of Krsna consciousness. SB5.16.4 TEXT 4 rsir uvaca na vai maharaja bhagavato maya-guna-vibhuteh kastham manasa vacasa vadhigantum alam vibudhayusapi purusas tasmat pradhan-yenaiva bhu-golaka-visesam nama-rupa-mana-laksanato vyakhyasyamah. SYNONYMS rsih uvaca—Sri Sukadeva Gosvami continued to speak; na—not; vai—indeed; maha-raja—O great King; bhagavatah—of the Supreme Personality of Godhead; maya-guna-vibhuteh—of the transformation of the qualities of the material energy; kastham—the end; manasa—by the mind; vacasa—by words; va—either; adhigantum—to understand fully; alam—capable; vibudha-ayusa—with a duration of life like that of Brahma; api—even; purusah—a person; tasmat—therefore; pradhanyena—by a general description of the chief places; eva—certainly; bhu-golaka-visesam—the particular description of Bhuloka; nama-rupa—names and forms; mana—measurements; laksanatah—according to symptoms; vyakhyasyamah—I shall try to explain. TRANSLATION The great rsi Sukadeva Gosvami said: My dear King, there is no limit to the expansion of the Supreme Personality of Godhead’s material energy. This material world is a transformation of the material qualities [sattva-guna, rajo-guna and tamo-guna], yet no one could possibly explain it perfectly, even in a lifetime as long as that of Brahma No one in the material world is perfect, and an imperfect person could not describe this material universe accurately, even after continued speculation. O King, I shall nevertheless try to explain to you the principal regions, such as Bhu-goloka [Bhuloka], with their names, forms, measurements and various symptoms. PURPORT The material world is only one fourth of the Supreme Personality of Godhead’s creation, but it is unlimited and impossible for anyone to know or describe, even with the qualification of a life as long as that of Brahma, who lives for millions and millions of years. Modern scientists and astronomers try to explain the cosmic situation and the vastness of space, and some of them believe that all the glittering stars are different suns. From Bhagavad-gita, however, we understand that all these stars (naksatras) are like the moon, in that they reflect the sunshine. They are not independent luminaries. Bhuloka is explained to be that portion of outer space through which the heat and light of the sun extend. Therefore it is natural to conclude that this universe extends in space as far as we can see and encompasses the glittering stars. Srila Sukadeva Gosvami admitted that to give full details of this expansive material universe would be impossible, but nevertheless he wanted to give the King as much knowledge as he had received through the parampara system. We should conclude that if one cannot comprehend the material expansions of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, one certainly cannot estimate the expansiveness of the spiritual world. The Brahma-samhita (5.33) confirms this: advaitam acyutam anadim ananta-rupam The limits of the expansions of Govinda, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, cannot be estimated by anyone, even a person as perfect as Brahma, not to speak of tiny scientists whose senses and instruments are all imperfect and who cannot give us information of even this one universe. We should therefore be satisfied with the information obtainable from Vedic sources as spoken by authorities like Sukadeva Gosvami. SB5.16.5 TEXT 5 yo vayam dvipah kuvalaya-kamala-kosabhyantara-koso niyuta-yojana-visalah samavartulo yatha puskara-patram. SYNONYMS yah—which; va—either; ayam—this; dvipah—island; kuvalaya—the Bhuloka; kamala-kosa—of the whorl of a lotus flower; abhyantara—inner; kosah—whorl; niyuta-yojana-visalah—one million yojanas (eight million miles) wide; samavartulah—equally round, or having a length and breadth of the same measurement; yatha—like; puskara-patram—a lotus leaf. TRANSLATION The planetary system known as Bhu-mandala resembles a lotus flower, and its seven islands resemble the whorl of that flower. The length and breadth of the island known as Jambudvipa, which is situated in the middle of the whorl, are one million yojanas [eight million miles]. Jambudvipa is round like the leaf of a lotus flower. SB5.16.6 TEXT 6 yasmin nava varsani nava-yojana-sahasrayamany astabhir maryada-giribhih suvibhaktani bhavanti. SYNONYMS yasmin—in that Jambudvipa; nava—nine; varsani—divisions of land; nava-yojana-sahasra—72,000 miles in length; ayamani—measuring; astabhih—by eight; maryada—indicating the boundaries; giribhih—by mountains; suvibhaktani—nicely divided from one another; bhavanti—are. TRANSLATION In Jambudvipa there are nine divisions of land, each with a length of 9,000 yojanas [72,000 miles]. There are eight mountains that mark the boundaries of these divisions and separate them nicely. PURPORT Srila Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura gives the following quotation from the Vayu Purana, wherein the locations of the various mountains, beginning with the Himalayas, are described. dhanurvat samsthite jneye dve varse daksinottare; dirghani tatra catvari caturasram ilavrtam iti daksinottare bharatottara-kuru-varse catvari kimpurusa-harivarsa-ramyaka-hiranmayani varsani nila-nisadhayos tirascinibhuya samudra-pravistayoh samlagnatvam angikrtya bhadrasva-ketumalayor api dhanur-akrtitvam; atas tayor dairghyata eva madhye sankucitatvena nava-sahasrayamatvam; ilavrtasya tu meroh sakasat catur-diksu nava-sahasrayama-tvam sambhavet vastutas tv ilavrta-bhadrasva-ketumalanam catus-trimsat-sahasrayamatvam jneyam. SB5.16.7 TEXT 7 esam madhye ilavrtam namabhyantara-varsam yasya nabhyam avasthitah sarvatah sauvarnah kula-giri-rajo merur dvipayama-samunnahah karnika-bhutah kuvalaya-kamalasya murdhani dva-trimsat sahasra-yojana-vitato mule sodasa-sahasram tavat antar-bhumyam pravistah. SYNONYMS esam—all these divisions of Jambudvipa; madhye—among; ilavrtam nama—named Ilavrta-varsa; abhyantara-varsam—the inner division; yasya—of which; nabhyam—in the navel; avasthitah—situated; sarvatah—entirely; sauvarnah—made of gold; kula-giri-rajah—the most famous among famous mountains; meruh—Mount Meru; dvipa-ayama-samunnahah—whose height is the same measurement as the width of Jambudvipa; karnika-bhutah—existing as the pericarp; kuvalaya—of this planetary system; kamalasya—like a lotus flower; murdhani—on the top; dva-trimsat—thirty-two; sahasra—thousand; yojana—yojanas (eight miles each; vitatah—expanded; mule—at the base; sodasa-sahasram—sixteen thousand yojanas; tavat—so much; antah-bhumyam—within the earth; pravistah—entered. TRANSLATION Amidst these divisions, or varsas, is the varsa named Ilavrta, which is situated in the middle of the whorl of the lotus. Within Ilavrta-varsa is Sumeru Mountain, which is made of gold. Sumeru Mountain is like the pericarp of the lotuslike Bhu-mandala planetary system. The mountain’s height is the same as the width of Jambudvipa—or, in other words, 100,000 yojanas [800,000 miles]. Of that, 16,000 yojanas [128,000 miles] are within the earth, and therefore the mountain’s height above the earth is 84,000 yojanas [672,000 miles]. The mountain’s width is 32,000 yojanas [256,000 miles] at its summit and 16,000 yojanas at its base. SB5.16.8 TEXT 8 uttarottarenelavrtam nilah svetah srngavan iti trayo ramyaka-hiranmaya-kurunam varsanam maryada-girayah prag-ayata ubhayatah ksarodavadhayo dvi-sahasra-prthava ekaikasah purvasmat purvasmad uttara uttaro dasamsadhikamsena dairghya eva hrasanti. SYNONYMS uttara-uttarena ilavrtam—further and further north of Ilavrta-varsa; nilah—Nila; svetah—Sveta; srngavan—Srngavan; iti—thus; trayah—three mountains; ramyaka—Ramyaka; hiranmaya—Hiranmaya; kurunam—of the Kuru division; varsanam—of the varsas; maryada-girayah—the mountains marking the borders; prak-ayatah—extended on the eastern side; ubhayatah—to the east and the west; ksaroda—the ocean of salt water; avadhayah—extending to; dvi-sahasra-prthavah—which are two thousand yojanas wide; eka-ekasah—one after another; purvasmat—than the former; purvasmat—than the former; uttarah—further north; uttarah—further north; dasa-amsa-adhika-amsena—by one tenth of the former; dairghyah—in length; eva—indeed; hrasanti—become shorter. TRANSLATION Just north of Ilavrta-varsa—and going further northward, one after another—are three mountains named Nila, Sveta and Srngavan. These mark the borders of the three varsas named Ramyaka, Hiranmaya and Kuru and separate them from one another. The width of these mountains is 2,000 yojanas [16,000 miles]. Lengthwise, they extend east and west to the beaches of the ocean of salt water. Going from south to north, the length of each mountain is one tenth that of the previous mountain, but the height of them all is the same. PURPORT In this regard, Madhvacarya quotes the following verses from the Brahmanda Purana: yatha bhagavate tuktam mandode puranam caiva It appears from these verses that aside from the sun and moon, there is an invisible planet called Rahu. The movements of Rahu cause both solar and lunar eclipses. We suggest that the modern expeditions attempting to reach the moon are mistakenly going to Rahu. SB5.16.9 TEXT 9 evam daksinenelavrtam nisadho hemakuto himalaya iti prag-ayata yatha niladayo ’yuta-yojanotsedha hari-varsa-kimpurusa-bharatanam yatha-sankhyam. SYNONYMS evam—thus; daksinena—by degrees to the southern side; ilavrtam—of Ilavrta-varsa; nisadhah hema-kutah himalayah—three mountains named Nisadha, Hemakuta and Himalaya; iti—thus; prak-ayatah—extended to the east; yatha—just as; nila-adayah—the mountains headed by Nila; ayuta-yojana-utsedhah—ten thousand yojanas high; hari-varsa—the division named Hari-varsa; kimpurusa—the division named Kimpurusa; bharatanam—the division named Bharata-varsa; yatha-sankhyam—according to number. TRANSLATION Similarly, south of Ilavrta-varsa and extending from east to west are three great mountains named (from north to south) Nisadha, Hemakuta and Himalaya. Each of them is 10,000 yojanas [80,000 miles] high. They mark the boundaries of the three varsas named Hari-varsa, Kimpurusa-varsa and Bharata-varsa [India]. SB5.16.10 TEXT 10 tathaivelavrtam aparena purvena ca malyavad-gandhamadanav anila-nisadhayatau dvi-sahasram paprathatuh ketumala-bhadrasvayoh simanam vidadhate. SYNONYMS tatha eva—exactly like that; ilavrtam aparena—on the western side of Ilavrta-varsa; purvena ca—and on the eastern side; malyavad-gandha-madanau—the demarcation mountains of Malyavan on the west and Gandhamadana on the east; a-nila-nisadha-ayatau—on the northern side up to the mountain known as Nila and on the southern side up to the mountain known as Nisadha; dvi-sahasram—two thousand yojanas; paprathatuh—they extend; ketumala-bhadrasvayoh—of the two varsas named Ketumala and Bhadrasva; simanam—the border; vidadhate—establish. TRANSLATION In the same way, west and east of Ilavrta-varsa are two great mountains named Malyavan and Gandhamadana respectively. These two mountains, which are 2,000 yojanas [16,000 miles] high, extend as far as Nila Mountain in the north and Nisadha in the south. They indicate the borders of Ilavrta-varsa and also the varsas known as Ketumala and Bhadrasva. PURPORT There are so many mountains, even on this planet earth. We do not think that the measurements of all of them have actually been calculated. While passing over the mountainous region from Mexico to Caracas, we actually saw so many mountains that we doubt whether their height, length and breadth have been properly measured. Therefore, as indicated in Srimad-Bhagavatam by Sukadeva Gosvami, we should not try to comprehend the greater mountainous areas of the universe merely by our calculations. Sukadeva Gosvami has already stated that such calculations would be very difficult even if one had a duration of life like that of Brahma. We should simply be satisfied with the statements of authorities like Sukadeva Gosvami and appreciate how the entire cosmic manifestation has been made possible by the external energy of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. The measurements given herein, such as 10,000 yojanas or 100,000 yojanas, should be considered correct because they have been given by Sukadeva Gosvami. Our experimental knowledge can neither verify nor disprove the statements of Srimad-Bhagavatam. We should simply hear these statements from the authorities. If we can appreciate the extensive energy of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, that will benefit us. SB5.16.11 TEXT 11 mandaro merumandarah suparsvah kumuda ity ayuta-yojana-vistaronnaha meros catur-disam avastambha-giraya upaklptah. SYNONYMS mandarah—the mountain named Mandara; meru-mandarah—the mountain named Merumandara; suparsvah—the mountain named Suparsva; kumudah—the mountain named Kumuda; iti—thus; ayuta-yojana-vistara-unnahah—which measure ten thousand yojanas high and wide; meroh—of Sumeru; catuh-disam—the four sides; avastambha-girayah—mountains that are like the belts of Sumeru; upaklptah—situated. TRANSLATION On the four sides of the great mountain known as Sumeru are four mountains—Mandara, Merumandara, Suparsva and Kumuda—which are like its belts. The length and height of these mountains are calculated to be 10,000 yojanas [80,000 miles]. SB5.16.12 TEXT 12 catursv etesu cuta-jambu-kadamba-nyagrodhas catvarah padapa-pravarah parvata-ketava ivadhi-sahasra-yojanonnahas tavad vitapa-vitatayah sata-yojana-parinahah. SYNONYMS catursu—on the four; etesu—on these mountains, beginning with Mandara; cuta-jambu-kadamba—of trees such as the mango, rose apple and kadamba; nyagrodhah—and the banyan tree; catvarah—four kinds; padapa-pravarah—the best of trees; parvata-ketavah—the flagstaffs on the mountains; iva—like; adhi—over; sahasra-yojana-unnahah—one thousand yojanas high; tavat—so much also; vitapa-vitatayah—the length of the branches; sata-yojana—one hundred yojanas; parinahah—wide. TRANSLATION Standing like flagstaffs on the summits of these four mountains are a mango tree, a rose apple tree, a kadamba tree and a banyan tree. Those trees are calculated to have a width of 100 yojanas [800 miles] and a height of 1,100 yojanas [8,800 miles]. Their branches also spread to a radius of 1,100 yojanas. SB5.16.13-14 TEXTS 13–14 hradas catvarah payo-madhv-iksurasa-mrsta-jala yad-upasparsina upadeva-gana yogaisvaryani svabhavikani bharatarsabha dharayanti; devodyanani ca bhavanti catvari nandanam caitraratham vaibhrajakam sarvatobhadram iti. SYNONYMS hradah—lakes; catvarah—four; payah—milk; madhu—honey; iksu-rasa—sugarcane juice; mrsta-jalah—filled with pure water; yat—of which; upasparsinah—those who use the liquids; upadeva-ganah—the demigods; yoga-aisvaryani—all the perfections of mystic yoga; svabhavikani—without being tried for; bharata-rsabha—O best of the Bharata dynasty; dharayanti—possess; deva-udyanani—celestial gardens; ca—also; bhavanti—there are; catvari—four; nandanam—of the Nandana garden; caitra-ratham—Caitraratha garden; vaibhrajakam—Vaibhrajaka garden; sarvatah-bhadram—Sarvatobhadra garden; iti—thus. TRANSLATION O Maharaja Pariksit, best of the Bharata dynasty, between these four mountains are four huge lakes. The water of the first tastes just like milk; the water of the second, like honey; and that of the third, like sugarcane juice. The fourth lake is filled with pure water. The celestial beings such as the Siddhas, Caranas and Gandharvas, who are also known as demigods, enjoy the facilities of those four lakes. Consequently they have the natural perfections of mystic yoga, such as the power to become smaller than the smallest or greater than the greatest. There are also four celestial gardens named Nandana, Caitraratha, Vaibhrajaka and Sarvatobhadra.
hari-sambandhi-vastunah
mumuksubhih parityago
vairagyam phalgu kathyate
visaya baliya tahara tyage haya bhula
adyam purana-purusam nava-yauvanam ca
bhauvanam kosa-laksanam
tasyavirodhato yojyam
anya-granthantare sthitam
vyatyasam ksira-sagare
rahu-soma-ravinam ca
mandalad dvi-gunoktitam
vinaiva sarvam unneyam
yojanabhedato ’tra tu