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Bg 02-12 NY 1966-03-09 God Is Individual Person
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ANNOUNCER: The following is a
class on the Bhagavad-gītā As It Is,
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2nd chapter, text number 12,
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by His Divine Grace
A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda,
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recorded on March 19th, 1966, at
the Misra Yoga Society, New York.
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PRABHUPĀDA:
na tv evāhaṁ jātu nāsaṁ
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na tvaṁ neme janādhipāḥ
na caiva na bhaviṣyāmaḥ
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sarve vayam ataḥ param
[Bg 02.12]
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What is the translation?
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“In fact there was never a time when I
was not, or you or these kings were not,
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nor is it a fact that hereafter
we shall cease to be.”
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Yes.
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- Now…
- DEVOTEE: “…we shall ever…”
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Kṛṣṇa is trying to convince Arjuna
that death does not take place.
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He says clearly that “Myself—I am
the Supreme God, Kṛṣṇa—yourself,
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you, and all the other
kings and the soldiers,
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those who have assembled
in this great battlefield,
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it is not that in the past,
we were not existing.
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And in the present, we
are now face to face.
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We are seeing that we are existing.
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And in the future, we shall
also exist in the same way.”
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“In the same way”
means individually.
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Just like I am an individual person.
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You are an individual person.
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He is an individual person.
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So I, you, he, or they—
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first person, second person and the third
person—so that individuality continues.
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Individuality of every
living being is a fact.
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Therefore in the actual field also, we see
that we have got difference of opinion.
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What I think, you may not agree with me
because you have got your individuality.
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Similarly, your thinking may not
be agreed by another gentleman.
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So everyone has
got his individuality.
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That is a fact.
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Not that the… Just like there is a
class of philosophers who says,
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that the soul is a homogeneous,
one entity, and after the destruction,
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after the annihilation of this body,
the soul, as a substance, will mix up.
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Just like water.
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You keep in different pots.
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In different pots you keep water.
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So the water takes the shape of
the pot, the bowl, round bowl.
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You keep water.
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The water takes the
shape of round.
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So similarly, there are thousands
of, or millions of, waterpots,
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and suppose all the
waters are mixed up.
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Then there is no distinction.
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Just like they were in the pots.
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So their theory is that
when a soul is liberated,
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then the, that it mixes
up with the Supersoul.
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Just like a drop of water
taken from the sea water,
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and again put it into
the sea, it mixes up.
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It loses its identity.
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So that is one theory.
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But here Lord Kṛṣṇa says
that, “Myself, yourself,
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and all others who
have come here…”
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There were about sixty millions
of people assembled in that fight.
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It was not a small fight.
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In India there was… Of course, that
was also great world, world war.
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Just like we had experience…
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I think in the First World War none of you
had seen because you were all young men.
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And we were child.
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When the First World War was declared,
we were all boys, schoolchildren.
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My age was at that time
fourteen years old, in 1914,
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when there was fight declared
between Germany and Belgium.
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So that was the First World War.
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Then Second World
War was in 1939.
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That was also German
and Englishmen, like that.
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But actually, this
was also World War,
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this Battlefield of Kurukṣetra,
because all the kings of the world,
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they joined either this
party or that party.
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So there were a great
assembly of all worldly kings.
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Now, Kṛṣṇa says
that “Either Myself,
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either yourself, or these persons who
have assembled here, they are individual.
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They were individuals in the
past, they are now individuals,
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and they will continue to be individual
even after annihilation of this body.”
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Now, [splice] we are,
suppose… We are all laymen.
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We are ignorant, what is actually
position, what is the actual position.
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But we have got
our discretion also.
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Just like every one of you has
some knowledge in the history.
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Now, in the history in the past…
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Suppose you are now thirty
years old or thirty-five years old,
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and suppose two hundred years
before, the history which you read,
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you find that all people
were individuals.
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And at the present you are experiencing
that all individual, they are.
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All living entities—either human being,
or animals or birds, or anywhere—
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you can see that
they are individual.
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Then why should you not believe that
in future they will remain individual?
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Do you follow?
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In the past they were individuals,
in the present they are individuals,
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and why not in future
they’ll remain individuals?
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It is naturally concluded that they
will continue to be individuals.
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Even we do not have any sufficient
knowledge in either of these two theories,
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mixing up or keeping individual,
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but by our own small
reasoning we can understand,
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that in the future history
we have information,
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that there were individual persons.
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At the present moment also, we are
seeing that there are individual persons.
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So why not in the future?
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How it is that in the future they’ll mix up
and become one, homogeneous thing?
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It is quite reasonable.
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And this conclusion is like this: just
like in two hundred years before,
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in the month of March, the
climatic position was like this.
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And in 1966 we find in March the
climatic position is exactly the same.
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And in future…
Naturally I conclude,
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that in future in March the same
climatic condition will be there.
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In astronomy also, if
you find that in March,
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in such and such date,
the sun rising is like this,
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and actually in the present
March, month of March, 1966,
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we see the same exact time…
And the whole calculation of
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astronomy is made like that.
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They prepare hundred
years’ astronomical charts.
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Hundred years.
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How they do prepare?
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By this calculation, that in
the past it was like this,
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at the present it is like this, so
naturally, in future it will be like this.
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Just like you are speaking of the
imminent springtime, that the nature,
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how will be decorate, how
springtime, it will be nice,
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because you had past experience.
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So you are foretelling.
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It is not foretelling.
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From past experience, you are
telling that this will take place.
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This will take place.
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So this is another point, to
understand things by our reasoning.
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But there are things which
is beyond our reasoning.
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There are things, just like
God, the existence of God.
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Of course, by our reasoning,
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we take it for granted that
because everything has a creator…
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Just like we have this
tape recorder before us.
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So we know that there
is a manufacturer.
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Similarly, the typewriter,
there is a manufacturer.
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In everything there is a
father or manufacturer.
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Myself, I am, I am
created by my father.
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My father was
created by his father.
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Similarly, naturally we can conclude
that this whole cosmic situation,
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the whole material manifestation—
there is one creator.
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You see?
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So these are simple reasoning.
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It is not very hard to understand.
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But at the same time, there are things
which are beyond our experience,
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beyond our reasoning, beyond
our, I mean to say, conception.
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Those things are called acintya.
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Acintya means inconceivable.
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Inconceivable.
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Now, how to understand that
which is beyond our conception?
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The scriptures says like this,
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acintyaḥ khalu ye bhāvā
na tāṁs tarkeṇa yojayet
[Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-parva 5.22]
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“Anything which is beyond our
conception, beyond our reasoning power,
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beyond our approach
of the material senses,
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such things we should not try to have
conception simply by arguments.”
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So in the Vedic injunction it
is said that tarkaḥ apratiṣṭha:
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“By… What should be the… What
should be our real understanding,
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that we cannot establish
simply by argument.”
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tarkaḥ apratiṣṭhaḥ smṛtayo vibhinnāḥ
[CC Madhya 17.186]:
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“If we consult different scriptures,
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then we’ll find that one
scripture is speaking something,
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another scripture is
speaking something else.”
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Just like cow-killing.
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Take, take it for example.
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The Hindus, they say that
cow-killing is irreligious.
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The Muhammadans say,
“No, cow-killing is religious.”
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There is some adjustment, but… Now, in
the scripture I see that the cow-killing,
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in some scriptures it is said
that cow-killing is irreligious,
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and another scripture says
that cow-killing is religious.
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So which of them I shall accept?
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This is ni… This is all
right, or that is all right?
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So therefore it is said
that smṛtayo vibhinnāḥ.
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If you consult different scriptures, you’ll
find different contradictory statements.
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Your scripture may be
different from my scripture.
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And…
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nāsau munir yasya mataṁ na bhinnam
[Mahābhārata Vana-pārva 313.117]
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If you consult philosophers,
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you’ll find one philosopher is
differing from another philosopher.
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A big philosopher means who
has cut down other philosophers,
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and put up his own
theory, “This is true.”
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This is going on.
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So,
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tarko ’pratiṣṭhaḥ smṛtayo vibhinnā
nāsau munir yasya mataṁ na bhinnam
[Cc. Madhya 17.186]
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Then how to conclude
what is the right path?
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I cannot establish it by
my imperfect arguments.
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I cannot consult
even the scriptures.
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Neither I can take real instruction
from different philosophers.
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Then what, what is the way
of having the real thing?
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So it says that,
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dharmasya tattvaṁ nihitaṁ guhāyām
[Cc. Madhya 17.186]
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“The truth of religiosity is
very confidential, very secret.”
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So how to know it?
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mahājano yena gataḥ sa panthāḥ
[Mahābhārata Vana-pārva 313.117]
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“We have simply to see
that great personalities,
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as they have taken
up, we have to follow.
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That’s all.”
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Just like in your Christian
religion you may not understand
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all the Biblical injunctions or
you may not have the time,
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but you’ll simply, if you follow
the ideal life of Lord Jesus Christ,
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then you get the same result.
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Similarly, the Muhammadans,
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if they follow the ideal life of Muhammad,
Hazrat Muhammad, so they get the result.
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mahājano yena gataḥ sa panthāḥ
[Cc. Madhya 17.186]
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Just like in a unknown path, in a village,
especially when there is a field…
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Now, in, in the city, you can
know that “I have come so far”
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because the streets are numbered
and the, you have got the location
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and there are some symptoms,
this house or that house.
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But in the country, everything, every,
every place is of the same similar nature,
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the same jungle, the same
field, the same grass.
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We do not know
where I am going.
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Or in the sea.
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Or in the sea.
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I have got experience.
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Have you ever traveled in the sea?
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No.
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But when I was coming from India,
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so everywhere I see a
round only, round of water.
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I do not know which way
the ship is proceeding.
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You see?
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But they have got a chart.
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They have got a chart.
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By latitude, longitude, by time
and by chart, they are calculating.
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Now, I was asking the Captain,
“Where we have come?”
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He was saying, in the Mediterranean Sea,
“Oh, we are so many miles from Italy.
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We are so many miles
from…” Like this.
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“Tunisia.
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Now we are coming to Gibraltar.”
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Like this.
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But I was seeing all
vast of water only.
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I was seeing, “Just after ten miles
I shall reach,” but it never reaches.
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So then how, what
are these charts?
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The charts are that experienced
sailors, they have made the charts.
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The captain was also
consulting that chart
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because it was made
by experienced sailors.
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That is nothing.
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So similarly in calculating
in which way we have to
229
00:19:42,682 --> 00:19:50,987
find out our salvation, is to
follow such liberated souls.
230
00:19:50,988 --> 00:19:54,114
So last day we had
been discussing
231
00:19:54,115 --> 00:19:59,611
that difference between the
conditioned soul and liberated soul,
232
00:19:59,612 --> 00:20:08,004
is that a conditioned soul
is imperfect in four ways.
233
00:20:08,005 --> 00:20:16,521
A conditioned soul is sure to commit
mistake, a conditioned soul is in illusion.
234
00:20:16,522 --> 00:20:22,446
A conditioned soul has the
tendency for cheating others,
235
00:20:22,447 --> 00:20:32,241
and a conditioned soul has got his
senses imperfect, imperfect senses.
236
00:20:32,242 --> 00:20:40,651
Therefore knowledge should
be taken from a liberated soul.
237
00:20:40,652 --> 00:20:45,951
Why this Bhagavad-
gītā is so honored?
238
00:20:45,952 --> 00:20:50,901
Now, this Bhagavad-gītā
was spoken in India,
239
00:20:50,902 --> 00:20:56,521
and it is understood that it
is a scripture of the Hindus.
240
00:20:56,522 --> 00:20:58,751
But why…?
241
00:20:58,752 --> 00:21:00,791
Now, you are Americans.
242
00:21:00,792 --> 00:21:04,524
You are also keeping
this Bhagavad-gītā,
243
00:21:04,525 --> 00:21:09,371
and not only in America, in
other countries also, in Germany.
244
00:21:09,372 --> 00:21:18,761
In Germany there are great, great scholars,
in England, in Japan, in all countries.
245
00:21:18,762 --> 00:21:20,081
So why?
246
00:21:20,082 --> 00:21:25,281
Because it is spoken
by a great personality.
247
00:21:25,282 --> 00:21:28,730
Apart from… We may… We Hindus,
248
00:21:28,731 --> 00:21:33,348
we accept Him the Supreme
Personality of Godhead, but others,
249
00:21:33,349 --> 00:21:40,259
even not accepting Him the Supreme
Personality of Godhead, they accept it as,
250
00:21:40,260 --> 00:21:44,691
at least, that He was
a great personality.
251
00:21:44,692 --> 00:21:48,931
Therefore, besides the
Hindu community,
252
00:21:48,932 --> 00:21:53,261
others, they are also
consulting the knowledge.
253
00:21:53,262 --> 00:21:58,891
Now, my point is that when
such a great personality,
254
00:21:58,892 --> 00:22:05,281
and when a…, we accept Him as the
Supreme Personality of Godhead,
255
00:22:05,282 --> 00:22:09,641
then His version is right.
256
00:22:09,642 --> 00:22:15,490
What He says, that from our practical
experience we can conclude,
257
00:22:15,491 --> 00:22:20,441
that every individual persons
who were in the past individuals,
258
00:22:20,442 --> 00:22:26,681
they are also individuals at the present,
and they’ll continue to be individuals,
259
00:22:26,682 --> 00:22:33,081
and this is by our common sense,
but it is confirmed by Śrī Kṛṣṇa,
260
00:22:33,082 --> 00:22:37,771
whom we call the Supreme
Personality of Godhead,
261
00:22:37,772 --> 00:22:42,101
and He is accepted as
a great personality.
262
00:22:42,102 --> 00:22:43,306
He says,
263
00:22:43,307 --> 00:22:46,825
na tu eva ahaṁ jātu nāsam
[Bg 02.12]:
264
00:22:46,826 --> 00:22:52,621
“Don’t think that I
was not in existence.”
265
00:22:52,622 --> 00:22:56,166
That means “I was in
existence,” not that,
266
00:22:56,167 --> 00:23:01,511
“Just now I have come before
you as God, as Śrī Kṛṣṇa.
267
00:23:01,512 --> 00:23:10,981
I was Śrī Kṛṣṇa in the past also,
and I am Śrī Kṛṣṇa at the present.
268
00:23:10,982 --> 00:23:16,891
So also yourself, and so
also others—all individuals.
269
00:23:16,892 --> 00:23:19,061
So and at the present we are.”
270
00:23:19,062 --> 00:23:20,470
na caiva na bhaviṣyāmaḥ
[Bg 2.12]:
271
00:23:20,471 --> 00:23:23,381
“And don’t think that
we shall not remain.”
272
00:23:23,382 --> 00:23:24,531
Sarve.
273
00:23:24,532 --> 00:23:30,561
This sarve means “we all,” not
that… Sarve is plural number.
274
00:23:30,562 --> 00:23:33,251
Janādhipāḥ is plural number.
275
00:23:33,252 --> 00:23:36,331
“So they are all individual souls.”
276
00:23:36,332 --> 00:23:39,941
So the individual soul continues.
277
00:23:39,942 --> 00:23:41,511
That is the version.
278
00:23:41,512 --> 00:23:43,836
That is the version of
the Bhagavad-gītā,
279
00:23:43,837 --> 00:23:53,195
and we… It is better to accept this version
without unnecessarily commenting it,
280
00:23:53,196 --> 00:24:03,361
or interpreting it in a different way so
that one… Interpretation is very bad.
281
00:24:03,362 --> 00:24:04,121
You see?
282
00:24:04,122 --> 00:24:07,801
A scripture should
not be interpreted.
283
00:24:07,802 --> 00:24:13,381
A scripture should be
taken as it is, as it is.
284
00:24:13,382 --> 00:24:17,992
And besides that, interpretation…
285
00:24:17,993 --> 00:24:20,691
When interpretation is required?
286
00:24:20,692 --> 00:24:28,261
When a thing is not properly understood,
at that time, interpretation is required.
287
00:24:28,262 --> 00:24:32,671
Otherwise, there is no
necessity of interpretation.
288
00:24:32,672 --> 00:24:40,572
Just like you… [indistinct] that
“Such and such village” or
289
00:24:40,573 --> 00:24:44,828
“such and such
town is on the sea.”
290
00:24:44,829 --> 00:24:46,631
Somebody says. [splice]
291
00:24:46,632 --> 00:24:51,931
So similarly, a thing which
is very clear to everyone,
292
00:24:51,932 --> 00:24:54,891
so there is no necessity
of interpretation.
293
00:24:54,892 --> 00:25:04,681
Here the, the statement of Bhagavad-gītā
as by, spoken by Lord Kṛṣṇa, is very clear,
294
00:25:04,682 --> 00:25:11,501
that “Myself, yourself and all these
people who have assembled here,
295
00:25:11,502 --> 00:25:13,871
they are all individual persons.
296
00:25:13,872 --> 00:25:19,821
And they were individual persons in
the past, and at the present moment,
297
00:25:19,822 --> 00:25:23,951
we see that they are individual
persons, and they will continue.
298
00:25:23,952 --> 00:25:25,371
They will continue.”
299
00:25:25,372 --> 00:25:31,361
I may not know what they will become
in the future, but because He is God,
300
00:25:31,362 --> 00:25:36,951
because He is the Supreme Personality,
His statement should be accepted.
301
00:25:36,952 --> 00:25:42,421
That makes my knowledge perfect.
302
00:25:42,422 --> 00:25:50,031
Just like I give you one
very simple example.
303
00:25:50,032 --> 00:26:01,561
Now, if a little boy asks his
mother that “Who is my father?”
304
00:26:01,562 --> 00:26:06,321
The mother says that
“Here is your father.”
305
00:26:06,322 --> 00:26:15,171
Now, if the child says, “I don’t
believe it, that he is my father.”
306
00:26:15,172 --> 00:26:22,471
Is it possible to convince him in any other
way, than the statement of the mother?
307
00:26:22,472 --> 00:26:23,771
Is it possible?
308
00:26:23,772 --> 00:26:24,911
No.
309
00:26:24,912 --> 00:26:28,861
That is the final.
310
00:26:28,862 --> 00:26:31,311
That is the final.
311
00:26:31,312 --> 00:26:38,391
And if he says, “I don’t believe
it,” that is his foolishness.
312
00:26:38,392 --> 00:26:43,811
Similarly, a thing which is
beyond our conception,
313
00:26:43,812 --> 00:26:51,091
beyond our limit of knowledge, that
should be taken from the authority.
314
00:26:51,092 --> 00:26:54,071
So here is an authority, Śrī Kṛṣṇa.
315
00:26:54,072 --> 00:26:56,031
Authority.
316
00:26:56,032 --> 00:27:03,071
His authority, authorityship, is
accepted by all over the world.
317
00:27:03,072 --> 00:27:12,871
In, in our India there are five different
disciplic succession of authorities,
318
00:27:12,872 --> 00:27:24,241
just like the Śaṅkarites, followers
of Śaṅkarācārya, and Vaiṣṇavites.
319
00:27:24,242 --> 00:27:32,991
Generally, they are two: Māyāvādī,
impersonalists; and personalists.
320
00:27:32,992 --> 00:27:39,338
The personalist school, philosophers,
they are divided into four:
321
00:27:39,339 --> 00:27:44,487
Rāmānuja-sampradāya—that means
followers of Ācārya Rāmānuja;
322
00:27:44,488 --> 00:27:51,338
Madhvācārya-sampradāya, or
the followers of Madhvācārya;
323
00:27:51,339 --> 00:27:55,347
Nimbārka-sampradāya,
followers of Nimbārka Ācārya;
324
00:27:55,348 --> 00:27:58,351
and Viṣṇusvāmī-sampradāya.
325
00:27:58,352 --> 00:28:02,221
They, their conclusion is the same.
326
00:28:02,222 --> 00:28:05,601
Although they are four in number,
their conclusion is the same.
327
00:28:05,602 --> 00:28:09,761
And another sect is
Śaṅkarite sampradāya.
328
00:28:09,762 --> 00:28:14,981
So all these four, I mean, five
different section of the Hindus,
329
00:28:14,982 --> 00:28:19,751
they accept Śrī Kṛṣṇa as the
Supreme Personality of Godhead.
330
00:28:19,752 --> 00:28:20,901
All of them.
331
00:28:20,902 --> 00:28:23,091
There is no denial.
332
00:28:23,092 --> 00:28:27,821
Although they are five, they have got
different theses and philosophies,
333
00:28:27,822 --> 00:28:31,592
little, little difference,
not, I mean, conclusion,
334
00:28:31,593 --> 00:28:39,134
but still… Now, Śrīpāda
Śaṅkarācārya, he, he is supposed,
335
00:28:39,135 --> 00:28:41,791
he is considered to
be impersonalist.
336
00:28:41,792 --> 00:28:48,221
Impersonalist means he does not
believe in the personal form of God.
337
00:28:48,222 --> 00:28:56,051
But still, he has commented in this, of
this Bhagavad-gītā, śaṅkara-bhāṣya.
338
00:28:56,052 --> 00:29:01,831
He has admitted there that “Śrī
Kṛṣṇa is the Personality of Godhead.”
339
00:29:01,832 --> 00:29:03,621
He has also admitted.
340
00:29:03,622 --> 00:29:09,241
Others, they are Vaiṣṇavites, other ācāryas,
other authorities, they are Vaiṣṇavites.
341
00:29:09,242 --> 00:29:14,171
They have naturally admitted because
they believe from the beginning.
342
00:29:14,172 --> 00:29:17,841
But even Śaṅkarācārya,
who is impersonalist,
343
00:29:17,842 --> 00:29:23,916
he has also clearly written that, sa
bhagavān svayaṁ kṛṣṇaḥ [śaṅkara-bhāṣya]
344
00:29:23,917 --> 00:29:29,601
“Kṛṣṇa is the Supreme
Personality of Godhead.”
345
00:29:29,602 --> 00:29:33,654
And there are many evidences in
many scriptures and Vedic scriptures,
346
00:29:33,655 --> 00:29:37,091
that Kṛṣṇa is the Supreme
Personality of Godhead.
347
00:29:37,092 --> 00:29:39,171
In the Brahma-saṁhitā it is stated,
348
00:29:39,172 --> 00:29:42,922
īśvaraḥ paramaḥ kṛṣṇaḥ
sac-cid-ānanda-vigrahaḥ
349
00:29:42,923 --> 00:29:47,621
anādir ādir govindaḥ
sarva-kāraṇa-kāraṇam
[Bs. 5.1]
350
00:29:47,622 --> 00:29:49,521
Īśvaraḥ paramaḥ.
351
00:29:49,522 --> 00:29:51,031
Īśvara.
352
00:29:51,032 --> 00:29:53,181
Īśvara means the Lord.
353
00:29:53,182 --> 00:29:58,511
Now, there are different
lords, different lords, degree.
354
00:29:58,512 --> 00:30:03,041
Lord means controller
or proprietor.
355
00:30:03,042 --> 00:30:08,821
So you have got some lordship
over your environment.
356
00:30:08,822 --> 00:30:10,241
He has got some lordship.
357
00:30:10,242 --> 00:30:12,281
I have got some lordship.
358
00:30:12,282 --> 00:30:14,481
He has got some lordship.
359
00:30:14,482 --> 00:30:18,001
Or the President Johnson,
he has got some lordship.
360
00:30:18,002 --> 00:30:24,301
In this way you’ll find
different degrees of lordship.
361
00:30:24,302 --> 00:30:32,981
But here it is said that the supreme,
superlative degree Lord is Kṛṣṇa.
362
00:30:32,982 --> 00:30:36,041
Above Him, there is no other Lord.
363
00:30:36,042 --> 00:30:40,961
Here we shall find that you are bigger
lord than me, he is bigger than lord you,
364
00:30:40,962 --> 00:30:43,291
and somebody is bigger than him.
365
00:30:43,292 --> 00:30:47,411
In this way you can approach
the lordship of Johnson.
366
00:30:47,412 --> 00:30:49,751
Then you can see another man.
367
00:30:49,752 --> 00:30:54,461
He is more than Johnson; another
man, more than Johnson, like that.
368
00:30:54,462 --> 00:30:59,521
But when you reach Śrī Kṛṣṇa
by such analytical process,
369
00:30:59,522 --> 00:31:05,751
you’ll find that nobody is greater,
nobody is equal than Śrī Kṛṣṇa.
370
00:31:05,752 --> 00:31:10,261
Therefore Śrī Kṛṣṇa is the
Supreme Personality of Godhead.
371
00:31:10,262 --> 00:31:18,484
And He says something—
we must agree to accept it.
372
00:31:18,485 --> 00:31:23,951
We must… If we don’t agree,
that will not be beneficial for us.
373
00:31:23,952 --> 00:31:28,801
When a great man says something… And
He is the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
374
00:31:28,802 --> 00:31:34,301
He is saying that we are
all individual persons.
375
00:31:34,302 --> 00:31:36,011
We are all individual persons.
376
00:31:36,012 --> 00:31:38,251
God is also individual person.
377
00:31:38,252 --> 00:31:42,891
It is confirmed in
the Vedic literature.
378
00:31:42,892 --> 00:31:47,201
nityo nityānāṁ cetanaś cetanānām
[Kaṭha Upaniṣad 2.2.13]
379
00:31:47,202 --> 00:31:49,501
Nityo nityānām.
380
00:31:49,502 --> 00:31:50,991
Nitya means eternal.
381
00:31:50,992 --> 00:31:52,801
We are all eternal.
382
00:31:52,802 --> 00:31:54,411
This is plural number.
383
00:31:54,412 --> 00:31:59,581
So amongst all the eternal
living entities, He is the chief.
384
00:31:59,582 --> 00:32:04,391
This is a definition of God,
is given in the… Nityo nitya.
385
00:32:04,392 --> 00:32:07,815
Cetanānām, nit…,
cetanaś cetanānām:
386
00:32:07,816 --> 00:32:11,361
“We are all conscious,
conscious beings.”
387
00:32:11,362 --> 00:32:17,951
So He is the supreme conscious.
388
00:32:17,952 --> 00:32:20,071
He is the supreme conscious.
389
00:32:20,072 --> 00:32:28,181
Now, of course, there
are some yogic schools.
390
00:32:28,182 --> 00:32:30,421
In America you’ll find.
391
00:32:30,422 --> 00:32:33,661
They do not believe in God.
392
00:32:33,662 --> 00:32:36,144
But it is not actually…
393
00:32:36,145 --> 00:32:43,981
The yoga principle does not
deny the existence of God.
394
00:32:43,982 --> 00:32:45,403
God is there.
395
00:32:45,404 --> 00:32:53,251
Now, just to inform you
I have just brought one,
396
00:32:53,252 --> 00:33:01,381
very authoritative book by two great
professors of Calcutta University.
397
00:33:01,382 --> 00:33:05,041
The book is called Introduction
to Indian Philosophy.
398
00:33:05,042 --> 00:33:11,728
Now he says… “He says” means
he is giving, after studying,
399
00:33:11,729 --> 00:33:16,235
all different kinds of philosophy,
he is giving a nutshell idea
400
00:33:16,236 --> 00:33:19,611
of each type of philos… system.
401
00:33:19,612 --> 00:33:26,598
Now, just see: “The place
of God in the yoga…
402
00:33:26,599 --> 00:33:32,690
The place of God in the yoga, as
distinguished from the Sāṅkhya,
403
00:33:32,691 --> 00:33:35,591
the yoga is theistic.”
404
00:33:35,592 --> 00:33:42,101
Yoga system was introduced by
Lord Patañjali, a great authority.
405
00:33:42,102 --> 00:33:43,121
You see?
406
00:33:43,122 --> 00:33:46,351
Now they have studied.
407
00:33:46,352 --> 00:33:48,021
Here is two persons.
408
00:33:48,022 --> 00:33:50,341
And this book is very authoritative.
409
00:33:50,342 --> 00:33:51,971
This is the sixth edition.
410
00:33:51,972 --> 00:33:53,061
Just see.
411
00:33:53,062 --> 00:33:58,681
It has very good sale in all
the universities of the world.
412
00:33:58,682 --> 00:34:00,631
It is a very authoritative book.
413
00:34:00,632 --> 00:34:07,041
And this Dr. Chatterjee and Dr.
Datta, they are not ordinary persons.
414
00:34:07,042 --> 00:34:09,731
This is accepted by all universities.
415
00:34:09,732 --> 00:34:11,341
And they are
authoritative persons.
416
00:34:11,342 --> 00:34:14,431
Now, just, I am therefore
reading his version.
417
00:34:14,432 --> 00:34:16,061
What does he say?
418
00:34:16,062 --> 00:34:18,341
The yoga system.
419
00:34:18,342 --> 00:34:24,281
Now, “As distinguished from the
Sāṅkhya, the yoga is theistic.”
420
00:34:24,282 --> 00:34:25,901
Yoga system is theistic.
421
00:34:25,902 --> 00:34:30,182
Theistic means
believing in God. [splice]
422
00:34:30,183 --> 00:34:39,782
It admits the existence of God and
both practical and theoretical Gods.
423
00:34:39,783 --> 00:34:42,002
Patañjali himself, however,
424
00:34:42,003 --> 00:34:48,352
has not felt the necessity of God for solving
any theoretical problem of philosophy.
425
00:34:48,353 --> 00:34:54,452
For him, God has more a practical
value than a theoretical one.
426
00:34:54,453 --> 00:34:56,902
This is the version of Patañjali.
427
00:34:56,903 --> 00:34:58,572
You see?
428
00:34:58,573 --> 00:35:03,622
Devotion to God is considered
to be the great practical value,
429
00:35:03,623 --> 00:35:09,492
as much as it forms a
part of practice of yoga.
430
00:35:09,493 --> 00:35:13,612
Those who are practicing yoga,
they must be devotee of God.
431
00:35:13,613 --> 00:35:18,992
Otherwise, yoga will be a failure.
432
00:35:18,993 --> 00:35:20,742
You see?
433
00:35:20,743 --> 00:35:25,650
So inasmuch as it forms a
part of practice of yoga,
434
00:35:25,651 --> 00:35:29,722
and is one of the means
for the final attainment of
435
00:35:29,723 --> 00:35:35,192
samādhi-yoga or the
restraint of the mind…
436
00:35:35,193 --> 00:35:36,902
That yoga, citta-niruddha.
437
00:35:36,903 --> 00:35:44,222
The whole purpose of practicing yoga
is to control the mind, control the mind.
438
00:35:44,223 --> 00:35:52,082
Now, here Patañjali system,
that unless you, I mean,
439
00:35:52,083 --> 00:35:59,191
conduct devotional service of Lord,
or bhakti, there is no success of yoga.
440
00:35:59,192 --> 00:36:01,082
There is no success of yoga.
441
00:36:01,083 --> 00:36:04,302
The subsequent commentators
and interpreters…
442
00:36:04,303 --> 00:36:14,892
The difficulty is that wrong interpretation
of the original text deludes the audience.
443
00:36:14,893 --> 00:36:16,158
You see?
444
00:36:16,159 --> 00:36:21,560
So they're… The subsequent commentators
and interpreters of the yoga reveals also
445
00:36:21,561 --> 00:36:25,885
a theoretical interest in
God and discuss more fully,
446
00:36:25,886 --> 00:36:29,992
the speculative problems
as to the nature of God,
447
00:36:29,993 --> 00:36:32,492
and the proof for
the existence of God.
448
00:36:32,493 --> 00:36:39,832
They practically take
up the speculative way.
449
00:36:39,833 --> 00:36:46,562
But Patañjali, as he is, he takes
practically, that without devotion of God,
450
00:36:46,563 --> 00:36:49,192
there is no success of yoga.
451
00:36:49,193 --> 00:36:53,570
Thus the yoga system has come
to have both a theoretical
452
00:36:53,571 --> 00:36:58,126
and practical interest
in the divine will.
453
00:36:58,127 --> 00:37:02,062
According to the yoga,
God is the Supreme Person.
454
00:37:02,063 --> 00:37:05,362
Now just see.
455
00:37:05,363 --> 00:37:08,822
This is authoritative statement.
456
00:37:08,823 --> 00:37:13,102
A Supreme Person.
457
00:37:13,103 --> 00:37:14,572
Did you ever hear…?
458
00:37:14,573 --> 00:37:17,062
You have been in so
many yoga societies.
459
00:37:17,063 --> 00:37:21,262
Did you ever hear that God
is the Supreme Person?
460
00:37:21,263 --> 00:37:23,222
Now just see.
461
00:37:23,223 --> 00:37:24,892
According to the yoga,
462
00:37:24,893 --> 00:37:26,668
God is the Supreme Person,
463
00:37:26,669 --> 00:37:32,052
who is above all individual selves
and is free from all defects.
464
00:37:32,053 --> 00:37:40,862
Now, the same thing, in the Bhagavad-
gītā also, Lord Kṛṣṇa, He, He is telling.
465
00:37:40,863 --> 00:37:49,782
He is informing us about the future
or of the past because He is perfect.
466
00:37:49,783 --> 00:37:53,912
He can see both past and future.
467
00:37:53,913 --> 00:37:58,542
Because we are not perfect,
because we do not know…
468
00:37:58,543 --> 00:38:05,742
Now, accepting it that you
existed in, in your, in the future…
469
00:38:05,743 --> 00:38:08,882
Say your age is thirty-
four, thirty-five years.
470
00:38:08,883 --> 00:38:14,312
Can you say, thirty-six years
before, where you were?
471
00:38:14,313 --> 00:38:17,162
You cannot say.
472
00:38:17,163 --> 00:38:20,102
Or suppose you live
for hundred years.
473
00:38:20,103 --> 00:38:23,942
Can you say hundred years
after where you shall be?
474
00:38:23,943 --> 00:38:31,692
You cannot say, because you are
imperfect, because you are imperfect.
475
00:38:31,693 --> 00:38:33,922
So God is not imperfect.
476
00:38:33,923 --> 00:38:35,672
God is perfect being.
477
00:38:35,673 --> 00:38:38,852
Here yoga system
also accept like that.
478
00:38:38,853 --> 00:38:44,472
According to the yoga, God is the Supreme
Person who is above all individual…
479
00:38:44,473 --> 00:38:47,892
Individual, now here
you see the individual.
480
00:38:47,893 --> 00:38:51,832
The every, every living
entity is individual.
481
00:38:51,833 --> 00:39:01,152
That, this particular word, that individual
self and is free from all defects.
482
00:39:01,153 --> 00:39:07,552
And because He’s free from all
defects, His statement is defectless.
483
00:39:07,553 --> 00:39:10,442
And therefore we must admit.
484
00:39:10,443 --> 00:39:18,052
My statement, because I am imperfect,
my statement is also imperfect.
485
00:39:18,053 --> 00:39:20,612
I have no idea of
the past and future.
486
00:39:20,613 --> 00:39:26,112
How can I say that in future you will be
like this, or in the past you were like this?
487
00:39:26,113 --> 00:39:28,432
I cannot say.
488
00:39:28,433 --> 00:39:33,522
That, who is defectless—who can see
past, future and present equally,
489
00:39:33,523 --> 00:39:35,682
and there is no defect—He can say.
490
00:39:35,683 --> 00:39:38,942
So here is the statement
of the Supreme Person.
491
00:39:38,943 --> 00:39:41,919
We have to believe it.
492
00:39:41,920 --> 00:39:43,922
We cannot go out of it.
493
00:39:43,923 --> 00:39:47,422
If we don’t believe
it, then we are loser.
494
00:39:47,423 --> 00:39:51,822
If we don’t believe
it, then we are loser.
495
00:39:51,823 --> 00:39:56,462
He is the perfect being who
is eternal and all-pervading.
496
00:39:56,463 --> 00:39:59,232
Just see, all-pervading.
497
00:39:59,233 --> 00:40:07,575
That means, although you can see Him
as a person… Just like you are present
498
00:40:07,576 --> 00:40:15,452
before me as a person, but you
are absent in your residence.
499
00:40:15,453 --> 00:40:16,752
Is it not?
500
00:40:16,753 --> 00:40:21,272
But God is not like that.
501
00:40:21,273 --> 00:40:26,652
God is, although He’s present, Kṛṣṇa,
although He’s present just before Arjuna,
502
00:40:26,653 --> 00:40:32,592
instructing him, but He’s all-
pervading at the same time.
503
00:40:32,593 --> 00:40:34,102
A crude example.
504
00:40:34,103 --> 00:40:43,572
Just like at twelve o’clock in the mid-day,
you see that the sun is above your head.
505
00:40:43,573 --> 00:40:49,192
And five thousand miles away, if you
ask any friend, “Where is the sun?”
506
00:40:49,193 --> 00:40:54,082
he’ll say, “It is on my head.”
507
00:40:54,083 --> 00:41:01,292
Five thousand miles this way, that way,
you inquire, and everyone will say,
508
00:41:01,293 --> 00:41:05,242
“The sun is on my head.”
509
00:41:05,243 --> 00:41:09,842
So if a material thing…
Sun is a material thing.
510
00:41:09,843 --> 00:41:15,792
If a material entity can be so all-
pervading, at one and the same time,
511
00:41:15,793 --> 00:41:21,012
so is it not that the supreme spiritual
being, He’ll not be all-pervading?
512
00:41:21,013 --> 00:41:22,772
He is, certainly.
513
00:41:22,773 --> 00:41:23,992
He must be.
514
00:41:23,993 --> 00:41:25,332
He must be.
515
00:41:25,333 --> 00:41:34,152
So here you see that He is the perfect
being who is eternal… And eternal.
516
00:41:34,153 --> 00:41:39,412
Eternal means that…
Eternal means everything.
517
00:41:39,413 --> 00:41:41,982
Eternal in consciousness.
518
00:41:41,983 --> 00:41:47,966
Now, Kṛṣṇa says that “You and Myself
and all these beings were like this,”
519
00:41:47,967 --> 00:41:50,567
because He has got
eternal consciousness.
520
00:41:50,568 --> 00:41:55,382
He has actually
experienced what I was.
521
00:41:55,383 --> 00:41:58,509
But because my
consciousness is not eternal,
522
00:41:58,510 --> 00:42:01,992
I have forgotten what I
was in my previous birth.
523
00:42:01,993 --> 00:42:07,082
Neither I can say what I
shall be in my next birth.
524
00:42:07,083 --> 00:42:09,322
These are the distinctions.
525
00:42:09,323 --> 00:42:17,242
If we falsely claim that “I am God, I am that
supreme consciousness,” it is our lunacy.
526
00:42:17,243 --> 00:42:18,872
It is our lunacy.
527
00:42:18,873 --> 00:42:21,531
We should not indulge in that way,
528
00:42:21,532 --> 00:42:27,052
and anyone teaching in
that way, that is a cheating.
529
00:42:27,053 --> 00:42:28,232
It is not possible.
530
00:42:28,233 --> 00:42:30,112
Here is an authoritative book.
531
00:42:30,113 --> 00:42:41,482
He is the perfect being who is eternal and
all-pervading, omnipotent, omniscient.
532
00:42:41,483 --> 00:42:50,402
All individual selves are more or less
subject to the affliction of ignorance.
533
00:42:50,403 --> 00:42:55,543
We are, all living entities
except God, everyone,
534
00:42:55,544 --> 00:43:01,532
everyone, they are subjected
to ignorance, forgetfulness.
535
00:43:01,533 --> 00:43:02,712
That’s a fact.
536
00:43:02,713 --> 00:43:05,892
Ignorance, egoism.
537
00:43:05,893 --> 00:43:12,742
Egoism means that without having the
qualification, one declares that “I am God.”
538
00:43:12,743 --> 00:43:14,652
This is egoism.
539
00:43:14,653 --> 00:43:19,742
Without having the qualification of
God, if one declares that “I am God,”
540
00:43:19,743 --> 00:43:24,342
a foolish man, that
is called egoism.
541
00:43:24,343 --> 00:43:29,612
Egoism, desire, aversion
and dread of death.
542
00:43:29,613 --> 00:43:32,337
They have to do
various kinds of work,
543
00:43:32,338 --> 00:43:38,542
good, bad, and indifferent, and
reap the consequences thereof.
544
00:43:38,543 --> 00:43:44,211
That means they are
subjected to the acts of your,
545
00:43:44,212 --> 00:43:47,682
I mean to say,
reaction of their acts.
546
00:43:47,683 --> 00:43:50,452
If you do some good thing,
then you reap the good result.
547
00:43:50,453 --> 00:43:55,902
If you do some bad thing,
then you reap the bad result.
548
00:43:55,903 --> 00:44:02,712
And because we are defective, therefore
we do something good, sometimes bad.
549
00:44:02,713 --> 00:44:07,272
The best thing is, therefore,
that God is all-good.
550
00:44:07,273 --> 00:44:12,242
If we follow God, then
we become good.
551
00:44:12,243 --> 00:44:19,082
If we follow God or God’s representative,
then we also become good.
552
00:44:19,083 --> 00:44:22,352
Because God is always good.
553
00:44:22,353 --> 00:44:28,073
A good cannot give
you bad direction.
554
00:44:28,074 --> 00:44:31,891
Therefore devotional
service… It is incumbent,
555
00:44:31,892 --> 00:44:38,813
that everyone should be followers.
556
00:44:38,814 --> 00:44:45,613
Everyone should be followers
of the instruction of God.
557
00:44:45,614 --> 00:44:47,453
That is devotional service.
558
00:44:47,454 --> 00:44:53,813
Nobody should be deviated
from the service of the Lord.
559
00:44:53,814 --> 00:44:56,993
The whole Bhagavad-gītā…
This is the beginning,
560
00:44:56,994 --> 00:45:06,491
and at the end, the Lord will
instruct, I mean to say, Arjuna, that,
561
00:45:06,492 --> 00:45:10,883
sarva-dharmān parityajya
mām ekaṁ śaraṇaṁ vraja
[Bg. 18.66]:
562
00:45:10,884 --> 00:45:13,518
“You just surrender unto Me”;
563
00:45:13,519 --> 00:45:17,653
and ahaṁ tvāṁ sarva-pāpebhyo
mokṣayiṣyāmi mā śucaḥ [Bg 18.66]:
564
00:45:17,654 --> 00:45:26,023
“And I shall protect you, give you
protection from all reactions of sinful life.”
565
00:45:26,024 --> 00:45:29,163
The best thing is, if we
want to be all-good,
566
00:45:29,164 --> 00:45:34,013
then we have to follow the
instruction of all-good.
567
00:45:34,014 --> 00:45:37,413
We have to mold our
life in such a way,
568
00:45:37,414 --> 00:45:49,573
that what is advised by the all-good…
That will make our life perfect.
569
00:45:49,574 --> 00:45:49,575
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